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Wholesale and Retail Output Value Breaks 14.5 Trillion RMB, Onli

2026-01-20

Core Overview: Output Hits New Highs, Growth Rate Outperforms the Broader Market

According to the latest DataTrack data, the absolute value of China's wholesale and retail GDP reached 145,808 hundred million RMB in 2025, an increase of approximately 5.67% from 137,980.9 hundred million RMB in 2024. This growth rate is slightly higher than the overall 5.4% annual growth rate for the tertiary industry (service sector) announced by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) of China, indicating that despite deflationary pressures, the circulation service industry remains a key cornerstone for stabilizing the economy and "maintaining 5%" growth.

Key Details: Online Surging, Exports Providing a Floor

Examining the driving forces behind the data reveals distinct structural differentiation:

  1. Online Retail Strength: Data shows that online retail sales of physical goods increased by 8.6% year-on-year in 2025 (Source: Moomoo/NBS), far exceeding the growth rate of total retail sales of consumer goods (approx. 3.7%), reflecting a continued shift in consumption habits toward digital channels.
  2. Wholesale Benefiting from Exports: In 2025, total exports increased by 6.1% year-on-year (Source: Metal.com). Unexpectedly strong external demand drove activity in related wholesale trade, mitigating the impact of weak domestic demand.

In-depth Attribution: Policy Subsidies and Structural Transformation

Institutional analysis indicates that the growth in 2025 did not stem from a comprehensive consumption recovery, but rather was a product of policy and structure. Goldman Sachs noted that the government-promoted "trade-in" policy effectively stimulated wholesale and retail flow for home appliances and automobiles. Meanwhile, a report by NielsenIQ shows that offline retail is accelerating its transformation toward "smaller formats and discounting." Although large supermarkets are under pressure, high-frequency, rigid-demand community-based consumption remains resilient.

Outlook and Risks: Short-term Focus on Lunar New Year, Long-term Concerns over Tariffs

  • Short-term (1-2 months): As the 2026 Lunar New Year approaches, the wholesale and retail industry is expected to welcome a seasonal peak, with service-oriented consumption related to catering and tourism particularly likely to recover further.
  • Medium-term (3-6 months): Looking ahead to 2026, both UBS and DBS predict China's GDP growth will slow to around 4.5%. The biggest downside risk comes from the external environment; if new US tariff policies are implemented, it will directly impact export-oriented wholesale trade; furthermore, if the real estate market adjustment does not hit bottom, the shrinking wealth effect may suppress the sustainability of durable goods consumption.

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